Joy Harjo

Audio




My Great-Aunt Ella Monahwee Jacob’s Testimony

“About this time (in the early 1880’s), a white man was murdered
near Okfuskee Town and Grandfather Monahwee had been accused.
McIntosh was afraid to attack him, for Grandfather Monahwee
was second Chief of the Creeks and had a reputation for valor and
military skill and was always known to be the leader when danger
threatened. Grandfather was also a doctor of medicine and at
all times he would have gourds tied around his waist filled with
different kinds of herbs for his medicines.”